Turai yanzu tana da cikakken taswirar wuraren da aiki ya fi gaggawa ga masu amphibians: masu bincike sun iyakance 525 wuraren fifiko wanda ke mayar da hankali ga bambance-bambance, nau'in barazanar da ƙara haɗari. Shirin, wanda kungiyar Gidan Tarihi na Kimiyyar Halitta (MNCN-CSIC), yana mai da hankali kan yadda yanayin ke canzawa da kuma waɗanne al'ummomi za su iya jure wa matsi na yanzu.
Tawagar ta haye yanayin yanayi na shekaru arba'in da suka gabata tare da hasashe na wannan karni kuma tare da yawan hanyoyi, yayin da ke haɗa nau'o'in ayyuka na nau'in jinsin da ke da alaƙa da juriya. Da wannan, ya gano abin da ake kira Shafukan da suka dace don Kare Amphibian (RSAC), tushen aiki don ba da fifiko ga yanke shawara a ƙasa tare da goyan bayan Jami'ar Lisbon.
Abin da binciken ya bayyana da kuma wanda ke bayansa
Amphibians, gami da wasu amphibians masu guba, suna daga cikin mafi barazanar rukunin kashin baya, saboda fatar jikinta da ke juyewa, dogaro da ruwa, da karancin motsinsa. Ayyukan MNCN-CSIC ba wai kawai yana nuna inda wurare masu mahimmanci suke ba, amma har ma wadanda suka fi dacewa da abin da ke tasiri su, suna ba da kayan aiki zuwa shirya daidaitawa kiyayewa a cikin fuskantar al'amura na hanzarin canji.
Yadda aka samo RSACs
Ta hanyar nazarin ƙasa, an raba yankin Turai 50 km x 50 km don gano waɗanda suka tara bambance-bambancen amphibian ko kasancewar nau'ikan barazanar. Wannan tsarin sararin samaniya yana sa sauƙin kwatanta yankuna da zaɓi sel fifiko tare da ma'auni iri ɗaya.
Don tantance haɗari, ƙungiyar ta haɓaka a index barazana wanda ya haɗu da haɓakar yanayin zafi da abubuwan da suka faru na fari tare da yawa hanya, al'amarin da ke kara warewa jama'a saniyar ware da hadurran ababen hawa. Tare da wannan haɗin gwiwar, an kiyasta yiwuwar raunin kowane rukunin yanar gizon da buƙatar kulawa.
Tare da bayanan muhalli, an haɗa waɗannan abubuwan: fasali na aiki na nau'ikan, kamar su shekara-shekara haihuwa, wanda ke daidaita juriyar al'umma. Haɗa wannan bayanin yana ba mu damar tantance ba kawai inda ɗimbin halittu suka fi yawa ba, har ma inda ake samun ƙarin damar dagewa yayin fuskantar matsin lamba.
Siffofin yanki guda biyu da aka ayyana da kyau
En Tsakiya da Gabashin Turai, RSACs suna shafar hanyoyin hanyoyin sadarwa masu yawa da haɓakar zafin jiki, tare da fari akai-akaiHaɗin rarrabuwar kawuna da zafi yana ƙara bayyanar da yawan jama'a tare da ƙarancin motsi.
A cikin Basin Mediterranean, ko da yake yawan zafin jiki ya karu ya kasance karami, yiwuwar yiwuwar matsanancin ruwan sama, kuma shafuka masu yawa suna gida ga nau'ikan da ke cikin haÉ—ari. Wannan canjin yanayi mai tsananin sanyi da tsawon lokacin rani yana canza samar da wuraren zama masu dacewa.
Kayan aiki yana ba da haske na musamman a cikin wurare masu laushi Gabashin tekun Adriatic, Faransa, Switzerland da Italiya, inda ƙananan haihuwa Daga cikin dama, haɗe tare da babban haɗuwa da barazanar ƙididdigewa, yana ƙara haɗarin raguwa kuma yana buƙatar ƙarin matakan gudanarwa.
Kariya na yanzu da shawarwari
Kyakkyawan ɓangaren gabatarwa na RSAC rashin isasshen ɗaukar hoto a tsakanin Cibiyar sadarwa ta Natura 2000, babban tsarin kariya na Turai. Wannan gibi na doka da ingantaccen kariya yana ƙarfafa buƙatar daidaita abubuwan da suka fi dacewa a cikin gajeren lokaci da matsakaicin lokaci.
Mawallafa sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da taswirar rauni a matsayin jagora mai amfani don fuskantar gabas a kan-site karatu da kuma ware albarkatun inda za su iya yin tasiri mafi girma. Wannan gwajin farko yana ba da damar ajiye lokaci da farashi kafin aiwatar da babban aikin filin.
An riga an samar da kayan aikin don manajojin muhalli, tare da manufar sauƙaƙe yanke shawara na tushen shaida da ba da fifiko ayyukan kiyayewa daidaita zuwa canza yanayi da yanayin amfani da ƙasa.
Abubuwan da suka wuce amphibians
A cewar ƙungiyar, hanya da sakamako na iya ƙarfafawa dabarun ga sauran nau'in da ƙungiyoyin haraji, ta hanyar haɗa bayanai kan matsalolin muhalli da kuma yanayin juriya na al'ummomi, wani abu mabuɗin don tsara hanyoyin sadarwar kariya masu inganci.
A matsakaicin lokaci, ƙalubalen shine haɓakawa dabarun daidaitawa wanda ke haɗa sabbin shaida da haɓaka haɗin gwiwar muhalli, rage tasirin hanya, fari da ambaliya, da kuma ƙarfafa sa ido na mutane masu hankali.
Fanorama da wannan aikin ya zana a bayyane yake: akwai 525 RSAC gano, tare da barazanar da suka bambanta ta yanki, a damuwa wanda aka tsara ta yanayin yanayi da ababen more rayuwa, da kariyar da ba koyaushe take zuwa ba; duk da haka, yana ba da taswirar kankare don yi aiki yanzu inda kowane mataki zai iya kawo canji.
