Shirya akwatin kifaye mai dacewa don kifin scalar (Pterophyllum scalare) ya wuce kafa madaidaicin tanki mai sauƙi. Ko da yake ana raba wasu sigogi tare da sauran kifin Amazonian, musamman ilimin halittar jiki na scalare, da dogon fins Halin yanki na su yana buƙatar ƙayyadaddun ƙira da kulawa don samun lafiya, daidaito, da mahalli mafi kyau duka don jin daɗinsu da haifuwarsu. Idan kuna la'akari da kiyayewa da kiwo mala'iku, wannan babban labarin shine a gare ku.
Me yasa shirye-shiryen kifin aquarium daidai yake da mahimmanci ga mala'iku?
El kifin scalar Yana daya daga cikin fitattun kifin aquarium a duniya saboda kyawunsa, launukansa, da halayensa. Su na asali ne a cikin rafin Amazon, inda suke tafiya a cikin jinkirin motsi, ruwa mai ciyayi. tsayi mai girma da wurare dabam dabam a tsaye. Jin dadin jikinsu da tunaninsu a cikin zaman talala ya dogara kai tsaye akan maimaita waɗannan yanayi na halitta a kusa sosai.
Ideal akwatin kifaye girma: tsawo, girma da kuma rabbai
A zabi na girman da siffar akwatin kifaye zai ƙayyade mafi kyawun ci gaba na scalar. A asali doka shi ne cewa akwatin kifaye ya kamata ya fi tsayi fiye da fadi, Tunda mala'iku suna son motsawa a tsaye kuma suna nuna dogayen finsu a zahiri.
- Matsakaicin tsayin da aka ba da shawarar: 50 cm ga manya (mafi dacewa daga 60 cm).
- Volume: ba kasa da 150-200 lita don ƙaramin rukuni. Don manyan ƙungiyoyi, mafi ƙarancin 300 lita (har da lita 500 ga manya goma sha biyu).
- Lita a kowace kifi: daga 15 zuwa 38 lita kowace kwafi dangane da shekaru da girman (yana da kyau a yi la'akari don kauce wa "dwarfism" saboda rashin sarari).
- Matsakaicin: Ƙananan nisa na 40 cm da tsayi bisa ga adadin samfurori; da kyau, dogayen aquariums rectangular sun fi dacewa.
Girman ƙarar, mafi daidaituwar yanayin muhalli da ƙananan haɗarin rikice-rikice na yanki da damuwa.
Tsarin sararin samaniya: yankuna da kayan ado
El kifin scalar Yana da yanki, musamman a lokacin girma da lokacin kwanciya. Yanke iyaka na gani Yana da mahimmanci don guje wa faɗa da haɓaka samar da yankuna tabbatattu. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar:
- Shuke-shuke na halitta na tsayi daban-daban, tare da fifiko ga nau'ikan Amazonian.
- Dutse kututtuka masu zagaye da na halitta waɗanda ke aiki duka a matsayin tsari da iyakokin sarari.
- Ado da hankali: guje wa abubuwan da ke rage sarari don yin iyo a tsaye.
- Bar wannan bayyana tsakiyar akwatin kifaye don ƙarfafa yin iyo kyauta, sanya kayan ado a tarnaƙi da ƙasa.
da mafaka na gani Suna rage matakin tashin hankali kuma suna samar da yanayi natsuwa don ƙarancin rinjaye ko ƙananan samfurori.
Tsire-tsire masu kyau don aquariums na Angelfish
Kasancewar shuke-shuke na halitta Yana da mahimmanci don dalilai da yawa: suna yin kwafin mazaunin Amazon, suna taimakawa kula da ingancin ruwa ta hanyar ɗaukar nitrates, samar da tsari, inuwa da wuraren spawning, da daidaita ƙarfin haske.
- Duckweed (Lemna small): shuka mai iyo wanda ke haifar da wurare masu inuwa; Dole ne a kula da ci gabanta don hana shi toshe haske da musayar gas.
- Foxtail (Ceratophyllum demersum): juriya kuma tare da babban ƙarfin tsarkakewa, yana taimakawa gasa da algae.
- Vallisneria gigantea: Dogayen ganye masu dacewa don dogayen aquariums, sauƙin kulawa da yaduwa. Yana jure wa ruwa mai laushi zuwa matsakaici-tsayi, kuma haɓakarsa mai ƙarfi yana ƙarfafa ta hanyar haske mai kyau.
- Echinodorus amazonicus (Takobin Amazon): wani tsire-tsire na al'ada na Amazon basin; manyan ganyenta suna zama a matsayin tallafi ga ƙwai da matsuguni. Yana buƙatar substrate mai arzikin ƙarfe da taki na yau da kullun.
- Echinodorus palaefolius: kama da na baya, amma tare da fadi da ganye da kuma dace don girma duka a ciki da bayan ruwa.
- Cladophora: ornamental algae, manufa a matsayin ado gansakuka idan ta yaduwa da aka sarrafa.
Tabbatar dasa shuki a rukuni, barin isashen rabuwa don kwaikwaya ciyayi na halitta da ba da izinin motsi tsakanin tsire-tsire. Tsire-tsire masu iyo da tsayi suna ba da inuwa da sarrafa haske., yayin da ƙananan, nau'in stoloniferous suna haɓaka shimfidar wuri kuma suna ƙara yawan yanki don haifuwa.
Tace Ruwa Da Motsi: Yadda Ake Zabar Wanda Ya dace
El kifin scalar Ya fito ne daga ruwa mai tafiya a hankali, don haka Ƙarfin igiyoyin ruwa suna ƙarfafa su kuma suna iya lalata finsu.Tsarin tacewa ya kamata ya samar da ruwa mai tsabta ba tare da motsi mai yawa ba. Ana ba da shawarar:
- Nau'in tacewa na waje gwangwani ko farantin tacewa tare da ƙananan famfo mai gudana.
- M kwarara: daidaita fitarwa ta yadda zai samar da motsi, amma ba tare da samar da igiyoyi masu karfi ba.
- Idan kuna amfani da matattara masu ƙarfi, karkatar da magudanar ruwa zuwa saman ko amfani da ruwan sama ko tsarin sandar feshi don ɓatar da kwararar kai tsaye.
- Tace gyara: Tsabtace lokaci-lokaci kowane watanni 2-3, koyaushe amfani da ruwan kifaye don adana ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani.
- Balagagge kayan tace: : abin da aka fi dacewa da kayan halitta (misali Eheim Subtract Pro, Seachem Matrix) don rage kololuwar ammonia da nitrite, musamman a cikin kiwo aquaria.
Kyakkyawan tacewa yana tabbatar da ruwa mai tsabta, rigakafin cututtuka da rage damuwa, amma koyaushe tuna kauce wa wuce gona da iri a cikin akwatin kifaye inda mala'ikan ke zaune.
Siffofin ruwa: pH, taurin, zazzabi da canje-canje
da scalars Kifi ne masu ƙarfi, amma suna buƙatar kwanciyar hankali da ma'auni masu dacewa don buɗe cikakkiyar damar su. Don shirya akwatin kifaye don angelfish, yana da mahimmanci a saita su da kyau.
- pH: kusa da tsaka tsaki (6,8 - 7,2); suna jure wa kewayon haske, amma tsawan alkaline ko matsananciyar acid na iya shafar lafiyarsu.
- Wuya: sun fi so mai laushi zuwa ruwa mai laushi (< 8 ° dGH), ko da yake suna jure wa matsakaicin taurin tare da haɓakawa mai kyau.
- Temperatura:
- Lokacin hunturu da kulawa gabaɗaya: 24-26 ° C
- Lokacin kiwo/lokacin haifuwa: 27-28 ° C don tada kwai da haɓaka. Wasu masu shayarwa suna ɗaga zafin jiki zuwa 28-30 ° C don haɓaka ƙyanƙyashe.
- Ruwa yana canzawaA cikin aquariums na al'umma, yi 20% zuwa 30% canje-canje kowane mako 2 zuwa 4 don kiyaye ingantattun sigogi. Don saitin kifin kifin da ya dace don mala'ikan kifi, waɗannan sauye-sauye na yau da kullun suna da mahimmanci don hana haɓakar guba da kula da lafiya.
A duk lokacin da kuka ƙara sabon ruwa, tabbatar yana kusa da zafin akwatin kifaye gwargwadon yuwuwar kuma tsakanin sigogi masu jituwa. Tsaftataccen ruwa mai tsabta yana hana cututtuka kuma yana inganta ci gaban kifaye matasa.
Haske: ƙarfi, tsawon lokaci da inuwa
da scalars Ba sa buƙatar hasken wuta mai ƙarfi sosai, kamar yadda a cikin mazauninsu hasken yana tacewa da ciyayi masu yawa. Mabuɗin mahimmanci:
- Matsakaici da ƙarancin haske: Hasken haske mai yawa yana haifar da damuwa da ci gaban algae. tsire-tsire masu iyo kuma manyan ganye suna taimakawa wajen inuwa da ƙirƙirar microhabitats masu daɗi ga mala'ikan kifi.
- Duration: tsakanin 8 da 10 hours a rana, kwaikwayo na yanayi.
- Ka guji wuce haddi haske; daidaita ƙarfin allo da tsayin allo gwargwadon girman shuka da martanin mazauna.
Haske mai kyau yana haɓaka haɓakar shuka kuma yana haskaka launuka na halitta na scalars, amma bai kamata ya zama mai ɓarna ko kai tsaye ba.
Ado: tushen, kututtuka da ƙarin abubuwa
Ban da tsirrai, kututtuka da tushensu na halitta sune madaidaitan madaidaitan don kwatankwacin yanayin Amazonian:
- Suna aiki a matsayin tallafi ga mosses na ado da algae.
- Ƙirƙiri matsuguni da wuraren inuwa.
- Koyaushe bakara kututtuka da tushensu Kafin gabatar da su, sai a jika su a cikin ruwan gishirin kifin kifaye na tsawon kwanaki ɗaya ko fiye don kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta (cokali 1-2 na gishiri a kowace galan na ruwa).
- Tannins da itacen ke fitarwa yana duhun ruwan, wanda ke da amfani ga mala'ikan kifi yayin da yake kwaikwayi ruwan duhu na mazauninsu kuma yana taimakawa rage damuwa.
Ka guji kayan ado na wucin gadi tare da kaifi gefuna waɗanda za su iya lalata lallausan fins na scalars.
Zabi da zaman tare na mala'iku: lamba, jima'i da hali
da scalars Kifi ne na zamantakewa, wanda aka fi dacewa ana kiyaye su a rukuni don guje wa damuwa da haɓaka halayensu na halitta. Yi la'akari:
- Un rukuni na akalla 4-6 samfurori don ƙirƙirar tsayayyen matsayi da rarraba zalunci.
- Ka guji ma'auratan da ba su yi aure ba, saboda suna yawan zama masu tsaurin kai ko kunya.
- Lokacin da kuka samo samfurin samari, ku sani cewa jima'i shine wuyar ganewa kafin jima'i balaga; ya saba don samun ƙungiya kuma bari nau'i-nau'i su kasance ta halitta.
- Koyaushe shiga na farko kifi na makaranta sa'an nan kuma balagaggu mala'ika don kauce wa tsinkaya a kan ƙananan ko sabon nau'in da ya zo.
- Kar a haɗu da kifayen yanki ko kuma m kifi waɗanda ke gasa don sarari ɗaya.
A tsawon lokaci, mala'ika na iya zama rinjaye da yanki, musamman a lokacin kiwo. Samar da isasshen sarari da mafaka na gani yana rage girman rikice-rikice.
Halin yanki da haifuwa
A lokacin kiwoMa'aurata suna kare yankinsu da ƙarfi da haɓakawa, korar ko kai hari ga sauran mazaunan akwatin kifaye. Don ƙarfafa haifuwa da kare spawn:
- Amintattun wurare tare da m ganye ko tubes inda mala'ika zai iya tsaftacewa da yin ƙwai.
- Idan kana da nau'i-nau'i masu kiwo fiye da ɗaya, a fili zayyana yankunansu ta amfani da tsire-tsire da kayan ado.
- Idan yaduwa a cikin akwatin kifaye na al'umma, yi la'akari da raba iyaye da sanya su a cikin wani tanki na musamman.
Tsarin kulawa da kulawa
- Siphoning na lokaci-lokaci na ƙasa don cire tarkacen abinci da sharar da aka tara.
- Gilashin tsaftacewa ba tare da sunadarai ba.
- Saka idanu na mako-mako na ingancin ruwa (pH, nitrites, nitrates da taurin).
- Bita na kayan aikin fasaha: hita, ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, tacewa da tsarin haske.
- Kula da lafiyar tsire-tsire don guje wa rashin daidaituwa a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Un m da m kiyayewa Shi ne sirrin guje wa rashin lafiya da mutuwa kwatsam. Gano kowane hali mara kyau (yin iyo mara kyau, asarar launi, fins ɗin da aka ɓoye) don ɗaukar mataki cikin lokaci.
Kiwo de peces Angelfish: kiwo, kwanciya, da kuma farkon kula da akwatin kifaye
La mala'ikan kiwo A cikin zaman talala, yana buƙatar ƙwararriyar akwatin kifaye da tsarin yau da kullun. Ga cikakken tsari:
- Aquarium na kiwo yawanci aƙalla lita 60, tare da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio da ƙarancin ƙarfin tace ruwa. Yana amfani da ruwa daga babban akwatin kifaye don adana ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Balagagge da ingancin kayan tacewa Yana da mahimmanci don kauce wa kololuwar ammonia da nitrites (mahimmanci a cikin makonni na farko tare da soya).
- Canje-canjen ruwa ya kamata kowane kwana 2 ko 3 a cikin 'yan makonnin farko. Idan ingancin ruwa ya yarda, ana iya ƙara wannan zuwa sau ɗaya a mako bayan haka.
- Biyu masu kiwo za su tsaftace ƙasa (leaf, tube, gilashi) kafin yin ƙwai kuma za su kare yankin da ƙarfi.
- Mafi kyawun zafin jiki don shiryawa: mafi ƙarancin 28 ° C, amma yana iya kaiwa 30 ° C don hanzarta aiwatar da aikin.
- pH kusa da 7 da taurin ƙasa da 8°dGH suna goyon bayan ƙyanƙyashe da haɓaka ƙwai.
- da takin qwai Sun kasance a bayyane ko amber. Idan sun zama fari, sun kamu da cutar ko kuma ba a haɗa su ba kuma a cire su don hana ci gaban fungal (ana iya amfani da methylene blue a matsayin ma'auni na rigakafi).
- Iyaye suna fanɗar ƙwai zuwa oxygenate kuma suna kare su; za su iya cinye su idan sun ji barazana ko rashin kwarewa.
- A cikin kwanaki 4-6 bayan kwanciya, fry ƙyanƙyashe kuma ya kamata a karɓa sabon hatched brine shrimp nauplii da takamaiman abinci don soya oviparous (misali: Liquifry No. 1, Sera Microm, Nobilfluid…).
Ciyarwar Angelfish
- A cikin abincin manya, suna canzawa ingancin flakes, rayuwa ko daskararren abinci (larvae sauro, brine shrimp, daphnia) da kayan lambu masu laushi.
- A lokacin matakan haihuwa, samar da abinci mai wadataccen furotin don ƙarfafa kwanciya da haɓaka haihuwa.
- Guji cin abinci fiye da kima; cire sharar da ba a ci ba don kula da ingancin ruwa.
- Soya na bukata finely ƙasa abinci da kuma jarirai brine shrimp a matsayin tushen ci gaban su a cikin makonni na farko.
Daidaituwa da zama tare da sauran kifi
- Guji nau'in cin zarafi ko cin zarafi (sharks, cichlids na Afirka, damisa barbs, da dai sauransu).
- Dace da: matsakaita zuwa manyan tetras, corydoras, hatchetfish, ancistrus, da sauran nau'ikan Amazonian Pacific masu halaye daban-daban.
- Koyaushe kiyaye ma'auni tsakanin sarari, adadin samfurori da bambancin jinsuna.
- Kar a haɗu da kifayen yanki ko kuma m kifi waɗanda ke gasa don sarari ɗaya.
Kuskure na yau da kullun da shawarwarin masana
- Rasuwar da bukatar tsayi da girma: scalar yana buƙatar sarari, ba lita kawai ba amma a tsaye.
- Yin amfani da igiyoyi masu ƙarfi a cikin akwatin kifaye: koyaushe zaɓi m halin yanzu kuma da kyau rarraba.
- Cunkoso a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da mazauna, kayan ado, ko tsire-tsire: nemi daidaito don guje wa damuwa da tashin hankali.
- Yi watsi da ingancin kayan tace da canjin ruwa na yau da kullun.
- Rashin samar da matsuguni ko iyakoki na gani: Wannan yana ƙarfafa faɗa da damuwa na yau da kullun.
- Yin watsi da bambancin abinci mai inganci.
Don samun akwatin kifaye tare da mala'ika lafiya, tsawon rai da ban mamaki, mai da hankali kan tsayin tanki, ciyayi na halitta da sigogin kwanciyar hankaliKyakkyawan tsari mai kyau, yanayin kwanciyar hankali wanda ya dace da bukatun su zai juya akwatin kifaye zuwa yanayin yanayi inda mala'iku za su haskaka a cikin dukan girman su, suna nuna halayensu masu ban sha'awa, kuma, tare da hakuri da kulawa, suna ba ku kyauta mai ban mamaki na haifuwa da ci gaban sababbin tsararraki.
