El Shafin Flexibacter Cuta ce ta kwayan cuta da za ta iya shafar kifinmu da gaske, musamman a wuraren da ba a kula da su ba ko kuma cunkoso. Babban halayensa shine bayyanar rube a baki da kasancewar fararen auduga kewaye da jikin kifin, ban da fins da wutsiya.
Menene Flexibacter Columnaris?
El Shafin Flexibacter kwayoyin cuta ne Gram-rauni wanda za a iya rikita shi cikin sauƙi da cututtukan fungal saboda kamanceceniya a cikin raunukan da yake haifarwa, kamar fararen fata a cikin fata da bakin kifin. Koyaya, ba kamar naman gwari ba, waɗanda galibi ke tsiro akan matattun nama, Flexibacter Columnaris yana shafar kifin mai rai, kuma ana ɗaukarsa galibi ta hanyar. gurbacewar ruwa ko saduwa da wasu kifi marasa lafiya.
Kodayake bayyanar cututtuka na iya kama da kama, babban bambanci shine Flexibacter Columnaris yana yaduwa tsakanin kifaye masu rai, yayin da cututtuka na fungal yawanci suna haifar da lokacin da matattun nama ya kasance a cikin kifin.
Abubuwan haÉ—ari da dalilai na Flexibacter Columnaris
Wannan kwayoyin cuta ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin kifayen kifaye, amma suna kai hari ne kawai a karkashin yanayin tsananin damuwa da rauni. Kifi masu lafiya gabaɗaya baya shafa, amma idan yanayin akwatin kifaye bai fi kyau ba, ƙwayoyin cuta na iya yaduwa. Daga cikin manyan abubuwan haɗari don haɓaka Flexibacter Columnaris a cikin kifi sune:
- Rashin ingancin ruwa: Aquarium tare da rashin kulawa, wanda ba ya karɓar sauye-sauye na ruwa na yau da kullum, shine wuri mafi kyau don yada kwayoyin cutar.
- Yawan jama'a: Yawancin kifaye a cikin ƙaramin sarari ba kawai yana ƙara damuwa ba, har ma yana sauƙaƙe yada cutar daga wannan kifi zuwa wani.
- Ƙananan matakan oxygen: Mummunan kifin ruwa mai iskar oxygen yana haifar da yanayi mai kyau don yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta kamar Flexibacter Columnaris.
- Babban matakan nitrites: Tarin datti da abinci da ba a ci ba yana haifar da karuwar nitrites wanda, tare da rashin isasshen iskar oxygen, zai iya raunana kifi kuma ya sa su zama masu saurin kamuwa da cututtuka.
Watsawa da ganewar asali
El Shafin Flexibacter Yana yaduwa cikin sauri a cikin aquariums inda kwayoyin cuta guda daya zasu iya cutar da kifaye da yawa a cikin kwanaki kadan. The watsa kai tsaye Yana faruwa a lokacin da kifi ya ci gurɓataccen abinci, ko kuma lokacin raba wuri ɗaya na gurɓataccen ruwa. Hakanan ya zama ruwan dare don kamuwa da cuta ya yadu ta wasu abubuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye kamar tsire-tsire, kayan ado, ko kayan aikin da ba su da lafiya.
da mafi yawan alamun bayyanar cututtuka na wannan kamuwa da cuta ya hada da bayyanar da auduga a baki, fizgar fins da ulcer a jikin kifin.
Jiyya don Flexibacter Columnaris
Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don magance wannan cuta, amma ya dogara da yawa akan mataki na ci gaban kamuwa da cuta. Idan an kama shi a farkon matakan, yana yiwuwa a inganta yanayin ruwa ta hanyar ƙara sauye-sauye na yau da kullum da kuma kiyaye akwatin kifaye da kyau da oxygen don taimakawa wajen rage kamuwa da cuta.
A cikin mafi ci-gaba lokuta, da yin amfani da maganin rigakafi kamar Oxytetracycline, tetracycline ko kanamycin. Ana iya gudanar da waÉ—annan maganin rigakafi ta hanyar abinci mai ciki tare da mahadi, ko kai tsaye a cikin ruwan kifin aquarium.
Bugu da ƙari, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa Flexibacter Columnaris yawanci yana jure wa wasu maganin rigakafi irin su ormethoprim da sulfadimethoxine, wanda ke sa maganin sa ya fi rikitarwa idan ba a gano ganewar asali a cikin lokaci ba.
Protocol Maganin Kwayoyin cuta
- Kula da ingancin ruwa: Yi canje-canje na ruwa akai-akai kuma tabbatar da cewa tacewar halitta tana aiki da kyau.
- Amfani da kwayoyin cuta: Idan ciwon ya riga ya faru, yi amfani da maganin rigakafi irin su oxytetracycline o kanamycin, wadanda suke da tasiri akan kwayoyin cuta. An fi gudanar da waÉ—annan a cikin abinci.
- Ware kifin da ya kamu da cutar: Sanya kifin mara lafiya a cikin tankin asibiti inda zaku iya sarrafa kamuwa da cuta ba tare da sanya sauran kifin cikin haÉ—ari ba.
- Saka idanu akai-akai na halaye: Kula da kowane canje-canje a launi, sha'awar abinci da halayyar kifin.
Binciken
Kodayake magani yana da mahimmanci da zarar cutar ta bayyana, yana da kyau a kiyaye akwatin kifaye a cikin yanayin da zai hana kamuwa da cuta. Don kauce wa Shafin Flexibacter a cikin akwatin kifaye:
- Yi ruwa canje-canje akai-akai don guje wa tarin ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Kauce wa yawan jama'a a cikin akwatin kifaye.
- Kiyaye mafi kyau duka matakan oxygen ta amfani da ingantaccen tsarin iska ko tacewa.
- Tabbatar cewa a'a abinci wanda ba a cinyewa a cikin ruwa na dogon lokaci.
- Yana iyakance damuwa akan kifi, kamar canje-canje kwatsam a yanayin zafi ko ingancin ruwa.
Dalilan Muhalli da Tasirinsu akan Cuta
Yana da mahimmanci a ambaci cewa Shafin Flexibacter bunƙasa a kan yanayin zafi sama da 25 ° C. Don haka, daya daga cikin matakan da aka ba da shawarar don rage yaduwarsa shine rage yawan zafin jiki na akwatin kifaye, zuwa kusa da 24 ° C, wanda ke taimakawa wajen rage girma na kwayoyin. Duk da haka, dole ne a yi wannan hanya a hankali don kada ya haifar da ƙarin damuwa ga kifi.
Juriya ga Magungunan rigakafi da ƙarin Magunguna
Daya daga cikin kalubalen da ake fuskanta wajen yin magani Shafin Flexibacter shine kwayoyin cuta sun ci gaba juriya zuwa wasu maganin rigakafi, kamar ormethoprim da kuma sulfadimethoxine. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da hanyoyin haÉ—in gwiwa don magance cutar yadda ya kamata.
Ɗaya daga cikin binciken ya nuna cewa ƙarawa a tablespoon na gishiri ga kowane lita 4 na ruwa zuwa akwatin kifaye na iya rage yawan mace-mace da kashi 30%, saboda yana taimakawa wajen rage karfin kwayoyin cuta na mannewa jikin kifi.
Bugu da ƙari kuma, gabatarwar acriflavine o nitrofurazone a cikin wanka na warkewa ya nuna sakamako mai kyau. A hanyar da ta dace, yin amfani da magungunan kashe qwari kamar phenoxyethanol Hakanan yana da tasiri idan aka yi amfani da shi a farkon matakan cutar.
Dangantaka Tsakanin Damuwa da Abubuwan da ke faruwa na Columnaris a cikin Kifi
Kamar yadda yake da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa a cikin kifi. Damuwa tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bayyanar Flexibacter Columnaris. Kifayen da ke fuskantar canje-canje kwatsam a yanayin zafi, yanayin cunkoso ko rashin ingancin ruwa yakan haifar da waɗannan cututtuka akai-akai. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci don rage yawan tushen damuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Har ila yau damuwa yana raunana tsarin rigakafi na kifi, yana sa su zama masu saukin kamuwa da cututtuka. Don rage haɗarin, yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye sigogi na ruwa, yin sauye-sauye na ruwa akai-akai, kuma kada a gabatar da kifin marasa lafiya a cikin akwatin kifaye ba tare da keɓewa ba.
Rubuce-rubuce a nau'ikan Kifi daban-daban
Duk da yake duk kifayen ruwa suna da yuwuwar kamuwa da su Shafin Flexibacter, wasu nau'ikan, musamman ma viviparous irin su guppies da mollies, sun fi kamuwa da cutar. Wannan shi ne saboda da yawa daga cikin waɗannan kifaye suna girma a cikin yanayi mai yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye na kasuwanci, wanda ke ƙara bayyanar su ga cututtuka da yanayin damuwa.
Yana da mahimmanci a kula da waÉ—annan nau'ikan a hankali, kamar yadda duk wani alamun kamuwa da cuta dole ne a bi da su cikin sauri don hana yaduwar cutar a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Ko da kifi ba tare da sikeli ba, kamar kifi kifi, suna iya kamuwa da cutar kuma suna da jajayen gyambo tare da kumburin gefuna waÉ—anda dole ne a yi maganin su nan da nan don hana tabarbarewar su.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa sabbin kifi da aka shigo da su ko da aka samu suna da rauni musamman ga wannan cuta saboda yanayin sufuri da cunkoso. Don haka, yana da kyau koyaushe a yi amfani da tankin keɓewa kafin a gabatar da sabon kifi zuwa kafuwar akwatin kifaye.
A ƙarshe, ƙananan canje-canje a cikin kulawa da kula da akwatin kifaye na iya yin bambanci tsakanin yanayin lafiya da fashewa Shafin Flexibacter wanda ke barazana ga dukan kifi. Yana da mahimmanci a kasance a faɗake don kowace alamar cututtuka da kuma kula da kifin a wata 'yar alamar rashin lafiya.